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Food Allergy Symptoms

A food allergy is a type of immune system reaction to one or more specific foods, which can cause various symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to life-threatening reactions. When the body's immune system detects a particular food as harmful, it triggers an allergic response, leading to the release of histamine and other chemicals that cause the symptoms of a food allergy.

Common Food Allergy Symptoms

  • Mild Symptoms: Hives, itchy skin, swelling, particularly around the face, lips, or tongue, runny nose, sneezing, stomach cramps, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.
  • Severe Symptoms: Difficulty breathing, rapid heartbeat, drop in blood pressure leading to dizziness or fainting, anaphylaxis – a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that requires immediate medical attention.

Symptoms Specific to Children

  • In infants under one year, food allergy symptoms may include refusal to feed, fussiness, gas, and bloody stools.
  • Older children might experience skin rashes, itching, swelling around the face or lips, hives, stomach pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting.

Other Factors That Can Influence Symptoms

  • The severity of symptoms can vary greatly from one person to another. Some people may have mild reactions while others may experience severe symptoms.
  • In some cases, food allergy symptoms can be mistaken for other conditions like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), or celiac disease.

What to Do If You Suspect a Food Allergy

  • Consult with a healthcare professional if you suspect that you or your child has a food allergy. They will guide you through the process of diagnosis and treatment.
  • Always read labels carefully when shopping for packaged foods, and ask about ingredients whenever unsure.
  • Carry an EpiPen or other emergency medication with you at all times if prescribed by your doctor.

Prevention and Management

  • Avoiding known allergenic foods is key to preventing reactions. If diagnosed with a food allergy, develop a plan with your healthcare professional that includes emergency procedures for severe reactions.
  • When dining out, inform your server about the food allergies you or your child have.
  • Be mindful of hidden ingredients in foods and be cautious when introducing new foods to your diet or your child's.